Day 1: December 21, 2023
Sun, Serpent, Sun

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A somewhat larger group than normal gathered at Fort Ancient Thursday to watch the sun come up on the shortest day of the year. Centuries ago, even larger groups gathered here for the occasion and the up tick this year might be due to a new official designation for the site that recognizes the significance of those and similar gatherings. In September, this and seven other locations in Ohio were added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites. The UNESCO listing is here.

The stone covered mound in the second picture aligns with an opening in the earthworks beyond through which the sun appears on the day of Winter Solstice.


Once I'd seen the sun safely above the horizon, I headed to Kim's Classic Diner for breakfast.

This is Serpent Mound. It was built by members of the Fort Ancient culture which thrived between 1000 and 1650 CE. The eight sites recently recognized by UNESCO, including Fort Ancient, were built by the Hopewell culture of 100 BCE to 500 CE. Mistakes made in originally determining who built what make it all rather confusing including the fact that the Fort Ancient people were the least ancient of the mound building cultures.

There is a readable image of that sign in the first picture here. The second picture looks over the coils of the serpent, some of which retained a little snow, from near the museum. Some claims about the alignment of various parts of the serpent's body with the cosmos are at least a little uncertain. Even the apparent alignment of the head with the Summer Solstice sunset is not ironclad but it sure seems reasonable. The third and fourth pictures show that alignment from and toward the head.

I finished my walk around just in time to join a walking tour led by Bill Kennedy, the Site Director of both Serpent Mound and Fort Ancient. I did not recognize Bill at first but could see that he was the same fellow I'd seen at Fort Ancient at sunrise once he was ten feet away with people between us. The stone marker beside Bill can be read here. The presentation was excellent.


In 2021, my attempt to view the Winter Solstice sunrise at Fort Ancient and sunset in Marietta did not go as planned. I had hoped to see the sunset where ceremonial mounds had once stood but was not in the right spot at the right time. This year I made it but the sun didn't. It was there, of course, but was pretty much hidden by clouds.

As I did in 2021, I got a better sunset shot down by the river.

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